How to port Python 2 Code to Python 3

author:

Brett Cannon

Python 2 reached its official end-of-life at the start of 2020. This means that no new bug reports, fixes, or changes will be made to Python 2 - it’s no longer supported: see PEP 373 and status of Python versions.

If you are looking to port an extension module instead of pure Python code, please see Porting Extension Modules to Python 3.

The archived python-porting mailing list may contain some useful guidance.

Since Python 3.13 the original porting guide was discontinued. You can find the old guide in the archive.

Third-party guides

There are also multiple third-party guides that might be useful:

• Guide by Fedora

• PyCon 2020 tutorial

• Guide by DigitalOcean

• Guide by ActiveState