numpy.angle

numpy.angle(z, deg=False)

Return the angle of the complex argument.

Parameters

zarray_like

A complex number or sequence of complex numbers.

degbool, optional

Return angle in degrees if True, radians if False (default).

Returns

anglendarray or scalar

The counterclockwise angle from the positive real axis on the complex plane in the range (-pi, pi], with dtype as numpy.float64.

..versionchanged:: 1.16.0

This function works on subclasses of ndarray like ma.array.

See also

arctan2, absolute

Notes

Although the angle of the complex number 0 is undefined, numpy.angle(0) returns the value 0.

Examples

>>> np.angle([1.0, 1.0j, 1+1j])               # in radians
array([ 0.        ,  1.57079633,  0.78539816]) # may vary
>>> np.angle(1+1j, deg=True)                  # in degrees
45.0